MPLS merupakan suatu metode forwarding(meneruskan paket/data melalui suatu jaringan dengan menggunakan informasi label yang dilewatkan pada IP). Prinsip kerja MPLS adalah menngabungkan kecepatan switching pada layer 2 dengan kemampuan routing pada layer 3.
Komponen dasar MPLS :
Provider Router (P) atau label Switching Router (LSR) : MPLS node yang mampu meneruskan paket-paket layer3.
Provider Edge (PE) atau Label Edge Router (LER) : MPLS node yang menghubungkan sebuah MPLS domain dengan node yanng berada diluar MPLS domain.
Customer Edeg (CE) : router disisi customer yang terbuhung langsung dengan PE(router ini tidak menjalankan MPLS)
Untuk topologinya seperti ini:
Oke kita langsung ke konfigurasinya
Konfigurasi R1
#konfigurasi nama router
[admin@MikroTik] > system identity set name=R1
#membuat loopback
[admin@R1] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R1] > ip address add address=1.1.1.1/32 interface=loopback
#konfigurasi IP router
[admin@R1] > ip address add address=12.12.12.1/24 interface=ether1
#konfigurasi RIP network
[admin@R1] > routing rip network add network=12.12.12.0/24
[admin@R1] > routing rip network add network=1.1.1.1/32
#konfigurasi pembatasan label mpls dynamic
[admin@R1] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R1] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=impl-null
#konfigurasi label remote dan nexthop(loncatan)
[admin@R1] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=21 nexthop=12.12.12.2
Konfigurasi R2[admin@MikroTik] > system identity set name=R1
#membuat loopback
[admin@R1] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R1] > ip address add address=1.1.1.1/32 interface=loopback
#konfigurasi IP router
[admin@R1] > ip address add address=12.12.12.1/24 interface=ether1
#konfigurasi RIP network
[admin@R1] > routing rip network add network=12.12.12.0/24
[admin@R1] > routing rip network add network=1.1.1.1/32
#konfigurasi pembatasan label mpls dynamic
[admin@R1] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R1] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=impl-null
#konfigurasi label remote dan nexthop(loncatan)
[admin@R1] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=21 nexthop=12.12.12.2
[admin@MikroTik] > system identity set name=R2
[admin@R2] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R2] > ip address add address=2.2.2.2/32 interface=loopback
[admin@R2] > ip address add address=12.12.12.2/24 interface=ether1
[admin@R2] > ip address add address=23.23.23.2/24 interface=ether2
[admin@R2] > routing rip network add network=2.2.2.2/32
[admin@R2] > routing rip network add network=12.12.12.0/24
[admin@R2] > routing rip network add network=23.23.23.0/24
[admin@R2] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R2] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=33
[admin@R2] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=21
[admin@R2] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=impl-null nexthop=12.12.12.1
[admin@R2] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=22 nexthop=23.23.23.3
Konfigurasi R3[admin@R2] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R2] > ip address add address=2.2.2.2/32 interface=loopback
[admin@R2] > ip address add address=12.12.12.2/24 interface=ether1
[admin@R2] > ip address add address=23.23.23.2/24 interface=ether2
[admin@R2] > routing rip network add network=2.2.2.2/32
[admin@R2] > routing rip network add network=12.12.12.0/24
[admin@R2] > routing rip network add network=23.23.23.0/24
[admin@R2] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R2] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=33
[admin@R2] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=21
[admin@R2] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=impl-null nexthop=12.12.12.1
[admin@R2] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=22 nexthop=23.23.23.3
[admin@MikroTik] > system identity set name=R3
[admin@R3] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R3] > ip address add address=3.3.3.3/32 interface=loopback
[admin@R3] > ip address add address=23.23.23.3/24 interface=ether1
[admin@R3] > ip address add address=34.34.34.3/24 interface=ether2
[admin@R3] > routing rip network add network=3.3.3.3/32
[admin@R3] > routing rip network add network=23.23.23.0/24
[admin@R3] > routing rip network add network=34.34.34.0/24
[admin@R3] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R3] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=22
[admin@R3] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=32
[admin@R3] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=33 nexthop=23.23.23.2
[admin@R3] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=23 nexthop=34.34.34.4
Konfigurasi R4[admin@R3] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R3] > ip address add address=3.3.3.3/32 interface=loopback
[admin@R3] > ip address add address=23.23.23.3/24 interface=ether1
[admin@R3] > ip address add address=34.34.34.3/24 interface=ether2
[admin@R3] > routing rip network add network=3.3.3.3/32
[admin@R3] > routing rip network add network=23.23.23.0/24
[admin@R3] > routing rip network add network=34.34.34.0/24
[admin@R3] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R3] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=22
[admin@R3] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=32
[admin@R3] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=33 nexthop=23.23.23.2
[admin@R3] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=23 nexthop=34.34.34.4
[admin@MikroTik] > system identity set name=R4
[admin@R4] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R4] > ip address add address=34.34.34.4/24 interface=ether1
[admin@R4] > ip address add address=45.45.45.4/24 interface=ether2
[admin@R4] > ip address add address=4.4.4.4/32 interface=loopback
[admin@R4] > routing rip network add network=34.34.34.0/24
[admin@R4] > routing rip network add network=45.45.45.0/24
[admin@R4] > routing rip network add network=4.4.4.4/32
[admin@R4] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R4] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=31
[admin@R4] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=23
[admin@R4] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=32 nexthop=34.34.34.3
[admin@R4] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=impl-null nexthop=45.45.45.5
Konfigurasi R5[admin@R4] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R4] > ip address add address=34.34.34.4/24 interface=ether1
[admin@R4] > ip address add address=45.45.45.4/24 interface=ether2
[admin@R4] > ip address add address=4.4.4.4/32 interface=loopback
[admin@R4] > routing rip network add network=34.34.34.0/24
[admin@R4] > routing rip network add network=45.45.45.0/24
[admin@R4] > routing rip network add network=4.4.4.4/32
[admin@R4] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R4] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=31
[admin@R4] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=23
[admin@R4] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=32 nexthop=34.34.34.3
[admin@R4] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=impl-null nexthop=45.45.45.5
[admin@MikroTik] > system identity set name=R5
[admin@R5] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R5] > ip address add address=5.5.5.5/32 interface=loopback
[admin@R5] > ip address add address=45.45.45.5/24 interface=ether1
[admin@R5] > routing rip network add network=5.5.5.5/32
[admin@R5] > routing rip network add network=45.45.45.0/24
[admin@R5] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R5] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=impl-null
[admin@R5] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=31 nexthop=45.45.45.4
Lakukan pengecekan :[admin@R5] > interface bridge add name=loopback
[admin@R5] > ip address add address=5.5.5.5/32 interface=loopback
[admin@R5] > ip address add address=45.45.45.5/24 interface=ether1
[admin@R5] > routing rip network add network=5.5.5.5/32
[admin@R5] > routing rip network add network=45.45.45.0/24
[admin@R5] > mpls set dynamic-label-range=200-1048575
[admin@R5] > mpls local-bindings add dst-address=5.5.5.5/32 label=impl-null
[admin@R5] > mpls remote-bindings add dst-address=1.1.1.1/32 label=31 nexthop=45.45.45.4
[admin@R1] > tool traceroute 5.5.5.5 src-address=1.1.1.1
# ADDRESS LOSS SENT LAST AVG BEST WORST STD-DEV STATUS
1 12.12.12.2 0% 221 2.4ms 2.6 1.7 5.4 0.4
2 23.23.23.3 0% 221 1.9ms 1.7 0.9 4.8 0.5
3 34.34.34.4 0% 221 1.7ms 1.6 0.9 7.4 0.6
4 5.5.5.5 0% 221 1.2ms 1.5 0.9 6.4 0.5
[admin@R5] > tool traceroute 1.1.1.1 src-address=5.5.5.5
# ADDRESS LOSS SENT LAST AVG BEST WORST STD-DEV STATUS
1 45.45.45.4 0% 172 2.4ms 2.5 1.6 6.6 0.6
2 34.34.34.3 0% 172 1.7ms 1.8 0.9 7.9 0.8
3 23.23.23.2 0% 172 1.4ms 1.6 0.9 7.1 0.7
4 1.1.1.1 0% 172 1.4ms 1.5 0.9 3.6 0.4
bisa kita lihat diatas MPLS label sesuai dengan yang kita konfigurasikan di tiap router.# ADDRESS LOSS SENT LAST AVG BEST WORST STD-DEV STATUS
1 12.12.12.2 0% 221 2.4ms 2.6 1.7 5.4 0.4
2 23.23.23.3 0% 221 1.9ms 1.7 0.9 4.8 0.5
3 34.34.34.4 0% 221 1.7ms 1.6 0.9 7.4 0.6
4 5.5.5.5 0% 221 1.2ms 1.5 0.9 6.4 0.5
[admin@R5] > tool traceroute 1.1.1.1 src-address=5.5.5.5
# ADDRESS LOSS SENT LAST AVG BEST WORST STD-DEV STATUS
1 45.45.45.4 0% 172 2.4ms 2.5 1.6 6.6 0.6
2 34.34.34.3 0% 172 1.7ms 1.8 0.9 7.9 0.8
3 23.23.23.2 0% 172 1.4ms 1.6 0.9 7.1 0.7
4 1.1.1.1 0% 172 1.4ms 1.5 0.9 3.6 0.4
Penjelasan :
terlihat bahwa dynamic label adalah 16-1048575 lalu label 0-15 ko ga ada ? Label 0-15 tidak boleh digunakan karena sudah di reverse atau dicadangakn untuk keperluan khusus dari 0-15 yang di reverse tersebut hanya 4 yang sudah digunakan, yaitu:
0 : explisit NULL
1 : router alert
2 : ipv6 explisit NULL
3 : implict NULL
Penggunaan implict NULL pada akhir dari P router (LSR) ini disebut denan PHP (Penultimate Hop Popping)
Sebelum konfigurasikan Static Labelling kita harus mengkonfirmasi agar tidak semua label stack digunakan dynamic label, misalkan diatas 200 untuk synamic label, sedangkan label 16-200 untuk static label artinya jika ada router yang dikonfigurasi dynamimc label maka label range nya dari 200-1048575 dan label staticnya dari 16-199. Alhamdulillah postingan kali ini telah selesai, jika artikel ini terasa bermanfaat silahkan bisa di share dengan menekan salah satu button dibawah ini.
Wassalamu'alaikum ...
0 Komentar
Penulisan markup di komentar